{"id":4168,"date":"2026-03-17T08:37:49","date_gmt":"2026-03-17T08:37:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/busondakika.com.tr\/?p=4168"},"modified":"2026-03-17T08:37:49","modified_gmt":"2026-03-17T08:37:49","slug":"vbky-bilimsel-bir-gercegin-dogusu-ve-gelisimini-yayimladi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/busondakika.com.tr\/?p=4168","title":{"rendered":"VBKY \u201cBilimsel Bir Ger\u00e7e\u011fin Do\u011fu\u015fu ve Geli\u015fimi\u201dni yay\u0131mlad\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

VBKY\u2019nin felsefe kitapl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Ludwik Fleck\u2019in imzas\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan\u00a0\u201cBilimsel Bir Ger\u00e7e\u011fin Do\u011fu\u015fu ve Geli\u015fimi\u201d<\/em>\u00a0adl\u0131 eserle geni\u015flemeye devam ediyor. \u0130lk kez 1935\u2019te yay\u0131mlanan bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, Thomas Kuhn\u2019un\u00a0Bilimsel Devrimlerin Yap\u0131s\u0131<\/em>\u2019na yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 me\u015fhur \u00f6ns\u00f6zde Fleck\u2019e at\u0131fta bulunmas\u0131yla yeniden ke\u015ffedildi. Bu sayede Fleck, Kuhn ve Popper gibi daha pop\u00fcler fig\u00fcrlerin \u00f6ncesinde yer alan; \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f bilim teorisinin en etkili d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrlerinden biri olarak an\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. Fleck\u2019e g\u00f6re bilim, ta\u015flar\u0131n \u00fcst \u00fcste kondu\u011fu do\u011frusal bir birikim s\u00fcreciyle ilerlemez. Bilimsel de\u011fi\u015fim, bir toplumda h\u00e2kim olan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce tarzlar\u0131n\u0131n yava\u015f ama s\u00fcrekli d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcyle \u015fekillenir. Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce tarzlar\u0131 tarihsel olarak olgunla\u015f\u0131r, toplumsal ko\u015fullara tabidir ve onlar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan insan topluluklar\u0131yla birlikte \u00e2deta bir \u201cyumak\u201d olu\u015fturur. Fleck\u2019in kavramsalla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131yla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce kolektifleri, yeni problemlerin g\u00f6r\u00fclmesine ve ele al\u0131nmas\u0131na imk\u00e2n tan\u0131yan dinamik bir alan yarat\u0131r. Kuhn\u2019un kesintili devrimlere dayal\u0131 modelinin aksine Fleck, s\u00fcrekli i\u015fleyen bir yeniden bi\u00e7imlenme s\u00fcrecine i\u015faret eder. Bu s\u00fcrecin varsay\u0131mlar\u0131, \u00e7o\u011fu zaman \u00fcyelerini onlar\u0131n fark\u0131nda bile olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bi\u00e7imlerde d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\u201cBilimsel Bir Ger\u00e7e\u011fin Do\u011fu\u015fu ve Geli\u015fimi\u201d<\/em>, yaln\u0131zca bilim tarihine dair bir inceleme de\u011fil; d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin toplumsal \u00f6rg\u00fctleni\u015fine, bilginin nas\u0131l m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funa ve \u201cger\u00e7ek\u201din kolektif do\u011fas\u0131na dair eskimeyen bir manifesto. Okurunu, bilimi ve hakikati bireysel ke\u015fiflerin \u00f6tesinde, birlikte kurulan bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 olarak yeniden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye davet ediyor.<\/p>\n

Kitaptan:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cBaz\u0131 ger\u00e7ekler vard\u0131r ki; bunlar\u0131 bilme mekanizmam\u0131za ele\u015ftirel bir bi\u00e7imde yakla\u015famay\u0131z. \u00d6rne\u00ad\u011fin \u201cnormal bir insan\u0131n iki g\u00f6z\u00fc vard\u0131r\u201d yarg\u0131s\u0131 bizim i\u00e7in kendili\u00ad\u011finden anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r bir h\u00e2le gelmi\u015ftir ve art\u0131k bir bilgi gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez. Bu t\u00fcr bir bilme eyleminde kendimizi etkin hissetmeyiz; bizden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z, \u201cVarolu\u015f\u201d veya \u201cGer\u00e7eklik\u201d denen bir g\u00fcc\u00fcn kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda tamamen pasif durumday\u0131zd\u0131r. T\u0131pk\u0131 g\u00fcnl\u00fck rit\u00fcelleri ya da al\u0131\u015f\u00adkanl\u0131klar\u0131 mekanik olarak s\u00fcrd\u00fcren biri gibi davran\u0131r\u0131z: Bu t\u00fcr eylemlerde art\u0131k \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir, aksine, bu \u015fekilde davranmaya ve ba\u015fka \u015fekilde davranmamaya y\u00f6nelik bir zorlan\u00adt\u0131 s\u00f6z konusudur. Ya da kitlesel bir harekete kat\u0131lan bir adam\u0131n durumuyla da benzerlik kurulabilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin basit bir borsac\u0131 pi\u00adyasadaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f nedeni ile olu\u015fan panik sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 d\u0131\u015fsal bir g\u00fc\u00e7, ger\u00e7ek bir varl\u0131k olarak alg\u0131lar. Ancak kendisinin de bilincinde olmadan kap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tela\u015f\u0131n bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fe katk\u0131da bulundu\u011funu fark etmez. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fama ait yerle\u015fik ger\u00e7ekler episte\u00admolojinin konusu olmaya pek de uygun de\u011fildir. Klasik fizi\u011fe ait ger\u00e7eklere gelince burada da pratik bak\u0131\u00adm\u0131ndan al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131k, teori bak\u0131m\u0131ndansa t\u00fcketilmi\u015flik s\u00f6z konusu\u00addur. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla tarafs\u0131z bir ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n ilkelerine en uygun ola\u00adn\u0131n, ke\u015ffi \u00e7ok da gerilere uzanmayan ve epistemoloji taraf\u0131ndan hen\u00fcz t\u00fcketilmemi\u015f \u201cdaha yeni bir ger\u00e7ek\u201d oldu\u011fu kan\u0131s\u0131nday\u0131m. T\u0131bbi bir ger\u00e7ek, ki \u00f6nemi ve uygulanabilirli\u011fi ink\u00e2r edilemez, tarihsel ve fenomenolojik olarak son derece zengin oldu\u011fundan ara\u015ft\u0131rmam\u0131z i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r. Ben bu ara\u015ft\u0131rma i\u00e7in en iyi \u015fekilde kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f t\u0131bbi ger\u00e7eklerden birini, yani Wasser\u00admann Reaksiyonu\u2019nun sifilisle ili\u015fkili oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fini se\u00e7tim. \u00d6yleyse soru \u015fudur: Tecr\u00fcbeye dayanan bu ger\u00e7ek nas\u0131l ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve nelerden olu\u015fur?\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/em>Yazar Hakk\u0131nda;<\/strong><\/p>\n

1896 y\u0131l\u0131nda Avusturya-Macaristan \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu\u2019nda, Lviv kentinde do\u011fdu. T\u0131p e\u011fitimini Lviv \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde tamamlad\u0131 ve erken d\u00f6nem \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7 hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ve mikrobiyoloji alanlar\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc. II. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda Polonya\u2019da \u00e7e\u015fitli ara\u015ft\u0131rma laboratuvarlar\u0131nda ve t\u0131p enstit\u00fclerinde g\u00f6rev yapt\u0131. Bu d\u00f6nemde hem t\u0131bbi ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar hem de bilim felsefesi \u00fczerine teorik ve pratik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcr\u00fctmeye devam etti. 1956\u2019da \u0130srail\u2019e g\u00f6\u00e7 eden ve 1961 y\u0131l\u0131nda burada \u00f6len Fleck, bilimsel ger\u00e7eklerin toplumsal yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren \u00f6nc\u00fc yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131yla 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n en etkili bilim felsefecileri ve sosyologlar\u0131ndan biri olarak kabul edilir.<\/p>\n

K\u00dcNYE<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yay\u0131nevi: VBKY<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kategori: Felsefe\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yazan: Ludwik Fleck<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk\u00e7esi: Elif Hilal Fertellio\u011flu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kitab\u0131n ad\u0131:\u00a0Bilimsel Bir Ger\u00e7e\u011fin Do\u011fu\u015fu ve Geli\u015fimi\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Proje Edit\u00f6r\u00fc ve Son Okuma: Halid Metin Yolcu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kitap Edit\u00f6r\u00fc: Sayg\u0131n G\u00fcnen\u00e7\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kapak ve Sayfa Uygulama: Faruk \u00d6zcan \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sayfa say\u0131s\u0131: 256<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Kaynak: (BYZHA) Beyaz Haber Ajans\u0131<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

VBKY\u2019nin felsefe kitapl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Ludwik Fleck\u2019in imzas\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan\u00a0\u201cBilimsel Bir Ger\u00e7e\u011fin Do\u011fu\u015fu ve Geli\u015fimi\u201d\u00a0adl\u0131 eserle geni\u015flemeye devam ediyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4169,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4168","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultur-sanat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/busondakika.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4168","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/busondakika.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/busondakika.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/busondakika.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/busondakika.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4168"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/busondakika.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4168\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4170,"href":"https:\/\/busondakika.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4168\/revisions\/4170"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/busondakika.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4169"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/busondakika.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4168"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/busondakika.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4168"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/busondakika.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4168"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}